When to See a Fertility Doctor

ACOG Guidelines

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists provides clear guidelines for when to seek fertility evaluation:

• Under 35: After 12 months of regular unprotected intercourse without conception
• Age 35–39: After 6 months of trying
• Age 40+: Seek evaluation before or as soon as you begin trying to conceive

Seek Evaluation Sooner If:

Regardless of age, consider seeing a specialist sooner if you have any of the following:

• Irregular or absent periods (cycles shorter than 21 days or longer than 35 days)
• Known conditions that affect fertility (PCOS, endometriosis, fibroids)
• History of pelvic inflammatory disease or sexually transmitted infections
• History of two or more miscarriages
• Prior cancer treatment (chemotherapy or pelvic radiation)
• Known male factor issues (low sperm count, erectile dysfunction, prior vasectomy reversal)
• Previous tubal ligation reversal

What to Expect at Your First Visit

A fertility evaluation typically includes a detailed medical history for both partners, blood tests to check hormone levels (FSH, AMH, estradiol, TSH, prolactin), an ultrasound to evaluate ovarian reserve and uterine anatomy, and a semen analysis for the male partner.

Depending on results, additional tests may include an HSG (hysterosalpingography) to check if fallopian tubes are open, or more specialized hormonal testing.

How to Prepare

Bring your cycle tracking data if you have it—this gives your doctor real information to work with. Write down your questions in advance. And remember: both partners should be evaluated. About one-third of infertility cases involve male factors.

This guide was last reviewed on January 18, 2026.